Indonesian prime minister. Shajrir Sultan studied at the University of Leiden, Netherlands, and returned to his country in 1931 and founded a rival party to the Nationalist party founded by Sukarno. In 1934 Shajrir was exiled along with Muhammad Hatta by the Dutch authorities. During the second world war he wanted his countrymen to declare independence before the Japanese surrender because of the fear that Sukarno's co-operation with the Japanese would come into way of independence from the Dutch. Shajrir Sultan negotiated the agreement under which the Dutch acknowledged Indonesia's authority over Java and Sumatra, but he was forced to resign in 1947. In 1948 Shajrir Sultan formed a Socialist party, but was banned in 1960 by Sukarno. Shajrir Sultan was arrested on charges of conspiracy in 1962 and in 1965 went to Switzerland for medical treatment, where he died.