A Pakistani physicist. Abdus Salam was educated in Punjab University and St. John's Cambridge where he obtained his PhD in 1952. He set up the International Centre for Theoretical Physics at Trieste in 1964, where many young scientists from the Third World met to exchange ideas and learn new techniques. Salam established mathematical theories, which showed that at high energies two of the fundamental forces in nature, become the same thing. Salam shared a Nobel Prize for his theory with Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg, who had independently achieved the same result. Abdus Salam is the first in the Muslim world to win a Noble Prize (1979).