Islamic reformer. Said Halim Pasha was concerned about the decline of the Muslims and he joined 'Young Turks' by supporting them financially. He became the leader of the Islamist faction of the committee of Union and Progress. In 1908, he was appointed to the Turkish Senate and joined the cabinet in 1912 as the President of the Council of State. He was Ottoman Grand Vizier from 1913 to1917. Said Halim Pasha wrote influential articles, such as on Constitutionals, Our crisis of ideas, and an essay on the decline of Islam and Political organisation in Islam, between 1910 and 1920, that appeared in 'Sirat-e-Mustaqim' and other journals. He urged Muslims in his writings not to follow the 'West', and the world of Islam should find its own answer to its problems in the context of its own traditions and Shariah. Said Halim Pasha had said the 'Muslim fanaticism' is 'in reality not the enmity towards Christians, but the West's enmity towards the East.' The British who occupied Turkey in 1918 arrested him and deported him to Malla in 1919. Said Halim Pasha after his release in 1921 went to Rome where an Armenian assassinated him. Said Halim, grandson of Muhammad Ali the founder of modern Egypt, was born in Cairo and was taught Arabic, Persian, French and English, by private tutors, and was sent to Switzerland for higher education.